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Fractions

    Introduction

    Fractional Units and Equal Shares

    Fractional Units as Parts of a Whole

    Measuring Using Fractional Units

    Marking Fraction Lengths on the Number Line

    Improper and Mixed Fractions

    Equivalent Fractions

    Comparing Fractions

    Addition and Subtraction of Fractions

    A Pinch of History

    Summary

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Glossary

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Fractions > Measuring Using Fractional Units

Measuring Using Fractional Units

Take a strip of paper. We consider this paper strip to be one unit long.

So to be unit long.

Fold the strip into two equal parts and then open up the strip again.

Taking the strip to be one unit in length, what are the lengths of the two new parts of the strip created by the crease?

So it is .

What will you get if you fold the previously-folded strip again into two equal parts? You will now get equal parts.

So it is

What will you get if you fold the previously-folded strip again into four equal parts? You will now get equal parts.

So it is

Figure it Out

1

1. Continue this table of 12 for 2 more steps.

Starting with 12, the sequence progresses as 2 times 12 equals 22 is , then 3 times 12 equals .

Continuing, 4 times 12 equals 42 is , and 5 times 12 equals .

2

2. Can you create a similar table for 14?

Yes, starting with 14, the sequence is:

2 times 14 equals 24, which simplifies to .

3 times 14 equals 34.

4 times 14 equals 44 which simplifies to .

5 times 14 equals .

3

3. Make 13 using a paper strip. Can you use this to also make 16 ?

4

4. Draw a picture and write an addition statement as above to show:

a. 5 times 14 of a roti

14 + 14 + 14 + 14 +14 =

b. 9 times 14 of a roti

5. Match each fractional unit with the correct picture:

1/3
1/5
1/6
1/8

We usually read the fraction 34 as ‘three quarters’ or ‘three upon four’, but reading it as ‘3 times 14’ helps us to understand the size of the fraction because it clearly shows what the fractional unit is (14) and how many such fractional units (3) there are.

Recall what we call the top number and the bottom number of fractions. In the fraction 56 , 5 is the and 6 is the .

Give several opportunities to the children to explore the idea of fractional units with different shapes like circles, squares, rectangles, triangles, etc.